فصلنامه علمی راهبرد

فصلنامه علمی راهبرد

زوال بوم‌سازگان زاگرس به مثابه مسئله عمومی ملی و چارچوب سیاست‌های ممکن برای علاج آن

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان
1 دانش‌آموخته دکترا سیاست جنگل، دانشگاه تهران، عضو هیئت‌مدیره موسسه شمیم جنگل ایران، تهران، ایران
2 استادیار سیاست جنگل، عضو هیئت‌علمی دانشکده منابع طبیعی، دانشگاه تهران، کرج، ایران
10.22034/rahbord.2025.535664.1832
چکیده
چکیده‌ی سیاستی
در سال‌های اخیربه دلایل مختلف انسانی و طبیعی و ضعف مدیریت، بوم‌سازگان زاگرس رو به زوال نهاده و مطالبه‌ی بخش وسیعی از جامعه در مورد سرنوشت جنگل‌ها، آن را به یک مسئله عمومی تبدیل نموده که در دستور کار سیاستگذاران است. اما چگونگی حل مساله روشن نیست. هدف این مقاله ارایه‌ی پیشنهادی سیاستی برای پایداری جنگل‌های زاگرس بر اساس روش‌شناسی نظریه‌ی داده‌بنیاد است. یافته‌ها نشان داد که زوال جنگل‌های زاگرس پدیده‌ای چند وجهی است و علاج بخشی آن نیازمند شناخت ابعاد و ارتباط پویای میان آن‌ها است. فروپاشی نظام سنتی و ضعف نظام دیوانی مدیریت جنگل، مهمترین علت جنگل‌زدایی و تخریب جنگل‌های زاگرس است. وضعیت حاکم بر عرصه نشان دهنده، وابستگی معیشتی شدید ناشی از فقر و توسعه نیافتگی و مسائل اجتماعی -اقتصادی متعدد است که بیش از ظرفیت قابل تحمل بوم‌سازگان و موضوعی فراجنگلداری است. چهار توصیه‌ی سیاستی شامل تغییر در فرآیند و ساختار سیاستگذاری با رعایت اصول حکمرانی مطلوب؛ اجرای برنامه حفاظت و مدیریت مشارکتی بوم‌سازگان زاگرس؛ ایجاد سازوکار اجرایی نظام‌مند، پویا و مسئله‌محور با حضور ذینفعان کلیدی؛ تاسیس صندوق ملی حفاظت از بوم‌سازگان زاگرس ارایه شده است. جنگلداری اجتماعی نمی‌تواند همچون نوشدارو، تمامی مشکلات زاگرس را حل نماید بلکه می‌تواند در مناطق مستعدی به کار گرفته شود که مسایل اجتماعی– اقتصادی پیچیده ندارند. احیای اکوسیستم‌ زاگرس نیازمند بازآفرینی ساختارهای مدیریتی اجرایی و تامین منابع مالی است که فرصت‌های شغلی و منافع مالی و اقتصادی بلندمدتی برای منطقه و کشور ایجاد می‌نماید که عموم جامعه، به‌خصوص گروه‌های‌ آسیبپذیر و فقرا از آن بهره‌مند می‌شوند.
کلیدواژه‌ها
موضوعات

عنوان مقاله English

Decline of Zagros Forests as a National Public Issue and a Possible Policy Framework for Resolution

نویسندگان English

Ahmad Beiranvand 1
Mouhammad Avatefi Hemat 2
1 PhD in Forest Policy, University of Tehran, Board Member, Shamim Forest Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran
2 Assistant Professor of Forest Policy, Faculty of Natural Resources, University of Tehran, Karaj, Iran
چکیده English

This article aims to provide a policy framework for sustaining the Zagros Forests, using a grounded theory methodology. The research demonstrates that forest decline is a multifaceted phenomenon, and addressing it requires an understanding of the various dimensions of forest management and their dynamic interrelationships. The collapse of traditional institutions, along with the inadequacy of bureaucratic and formal governance structures for forest resources, constitutes a primary causal factor in the degradation of the Zagros Forests. Contextual factors include a heavy dependence on forest resources for livelihoods due to poverty and underdevelopment, alongside numerous socio-economic pressures that exceed the ecosystems' carrying capacity, creating a complex meta-forestry problem. The study proposes four policy recommendations: reformulating the policymaking process toward good governance; establishing participatory conservation programs; implementing a systemic, problem-oriented mechanism involving key stakeholders; and institutionalizing a National Fund for financing the conservation of Zagros ecosystems. Collectively, these measures provide essential policy guidance for achieving socio-ecological sustainability in one of Iran's most critical forest regions.

کلیدواژه‌ها English

Grounded Theory
Good Governance
Scenario
Forest Policy
Forestry Plan
Socio-Economic Issues
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  • تاریخ دریافت 29 تیر 1404
  • تاریخ بازنگری 26 شهریور 1404
  • تاریخ پذیرش 09 مهر 1404