نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی
عنوان مقاله English
نویسندگان English
The rapid acceleration of artificial intelligence—particularly following the emergence and diffusion of generative AI in 2022—has reconfigured global power relations, elevating AI to a core driver of power, security, and governance in the evolving international order. Against this backdrop, the United States and France, grounded in distinct discursive traditions—American market-oriented liberalism and Europe's rule-based continentalism—have adopted divergent approaches to AI governance, reflecting a strategic contest over the architecture of the future technological order. This study employs an analytical–comparative approach and a qualitative methodology grounded in document analysis of official records, national strategies, and policy frameworks to examine and compare U.S. and French policy developments and actions over the period 2018–2025. Its contribution lies in integrating conceptual analysis with structural and institutional assessment to identify strategic gaps between the two governance models and to elucidate their international implications for the formation of global AI governance norms. The findings indicate that the United States, emphasizing market dynamism, industry self-regulation, and a government enabling role, pursues a flexible, innovation-driven model and, through the global reach of leading firms and industrial standards, seeks to diffuse a light-touch regulatory approach internationally. By contrast, France, in alignment with the European Union, prioritizes anticipatory regulation, active industrial policy, and large-scale public investment, advancing a law-centric and values-driven model aimed at safeguarding technological sovereignty and fostering responsible AI development. The comparative analysis reveals substantial divergences not only in philosophies of technology governance but also in institutional design, modes of private-sector engagement, degrees of state intervention, and patterns of participation in multilateral initiatives. These divergences have contributed to a global regulatory bifurcation and complicate international consensus-building efforts, although geopolitical pressures arising from strategic competition with China create opportunities for functional transatlantic convergence. Overall, the study argues that this contest is as much normative and civilizational as it is technological and may, over the long term, catalyze the emergence of a hybrid and balanced model that combines the strengths of the American and European approaches in shaping the future architecture of AI governance.
کلیدواژهها English
