دستیابی به امنیت زیست‌محیطی با تاکید بر اهمیت استانداردهای محیط زیستی در برنامه‌های استراتژیک توسعه شهری (مطالعه موردی شهر تهران)

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشجوی دکتری مدیریت محیط‌ زیست، گروه محیط زیست واحد رودهن، دانشکده کشاورزی و علوم پایه، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، رودهن، ایران

2 ستادیار گروه محیط زیست ,واحد رودهن، دانشکده کشاورزی و علوم پایه، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، رودهن، ایران

3 استادیار گروه محیط زیست واحد رودهن، دانشکده کشاورزی و علوم پایه، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، رودهن، ایران

چکیده

در خلال چند دهه گذشته به‌ دلیل تأکید صرف بر رشد اقتصادی و بهره‌برداری‌های بی‌رویه از منابع‌طبیعی و زیست‌محیطی کلان شهرها با مسائل ومشکلات عدیده‌ای درزمینه محیط ‌زیست و امنیت زیست‌محیطی مواجه شده‌اند. با توجه به اهمیتی که محیط‌زیست به‌عنوان یکی از نیازهای اساسی جوامع امروزی برای بقا در محیط به شدت رقابتی و با تغییرات گسترده دارد. شهر تهران به‌عنوان یک منطقه‌ای تأثیرگذار، برای پیش رفتن با تحولات موجود نیازمند وارسی و کنکاش تحولات اطراف خود، در بعد منطقه‌ای و بین‌المللی است و این مسأله ضرورت مقابله با موانع و چالش‌های احتمالی آن را ضروری می‌نماید.
این تحقیق با هدف بررسی تأثیر رعایت استانداردهای زیست‌محیطی، در برنامه‌های استراتژیک توسعه شهری به منظور دستیابی به امنیت زیست‌محیطی در شهر تهران مورد بررسی قرار گرفت. این بررسی از نوع توصیفی- تحلیلی با استفاده از تکنیک پرسشنامه و مصاحبه‌می‌باشد. جامعه آماری پژوهش، مدیران وزارت‌کشور و شهرداری مناطق 22 گانه شهر تهران و نمونه آماری30 نفر و روش نمونه‌گیری تصادفی ساده می‌باشد. داده‌ها با نرم‌افزار Spss23 در دو سطح توصیفی و استنباطی تجزیه و تحلیل شدند. جهت تحلیل عوامل داخلی (ضعف، قوت) و خارجی (تهدید و فرصت) شهر از روش SWOT و جهت آزمون فرضیه از آزمون تی‌تک نمونه‌ای، استفاده و فرضیه پیشنهادی تأیید گردید. نتایج نشان می‌دهد که با توجه به شرایط موجود، شهر تهران با چالش‌های مختلف محیط‌زیستی روبه‏روست. با توجه به نمودار حاصل از عوامل درونی و بیرونی، شهر تهران در موقعیت تدافعی قرار دارد. همچنین نتایج آزمون نشان می‌دهد که رعایت استاندارد در برنامه‌های استراتژیک توسعه شهری به عنوان یک راهکار در دستیابی به امنیت زیست‏محیطی تأثیر معناداری دارد. در این راستا مهم‎ترین راهکارها، استانداردها بر امنیت زیست‎محیطی رعایت استانداردها در زمان اجرای پروژه‎ها، الزام و اعمال استانداردها در تدوین طرح‏ها و نظارت دقیق به رعایت آن‌ها در زمان اجرا می‌باشد.

کلیدواژه‌ها


عنوان مقاله [English]

Achieving Environmental Security by Emphasizing the Importance of Environmental Standards in Strategic Urban Development Plans (Tehran Case Study)

نویسندگان [English]

  • Elham Fouladi 1
  • Azita Behbahaninia 2
  • Bita Azadbakht 3
  • Saeed Motahari 3
1 PhD student, Faculty of Agriculture and Basic Science, Islamic Azad University, Roudehen branch, Roudehen, Iran
2 Assistant Professor, Department of Environment, Faculty of Agriculture and Basic Science, Islamic Azad University, Roudehen branch, Roudehen, Iran,
3 Assistant Professor, Department of Environment, Faculty of Agriculture and Basic Science, Islamic Azad University, Roudehen branch, Roudehen, Iran.
چکیده [English]

Over the past few decades, metropolises have been threatened by numerous environmental challenges due to the emphasis on economic growth and the continuous exploitation of natural resources and the environment. Given the importance of environment as one of the basic needs of today's societies, survival in the environment is highly competitive and with its dynamics. The city of Tehran-along with the developments around it-needs to be examined and explored in order to advance the existing developments in the regional and international dimensions. Therefore, it becomes necessary to study the possible challenges evolving around it.
The aim of this study is to investigate the impacts of compliance with environmental standards in strategic urban development plans in order to achieve environmental security in Tehran. This is a descriptive-analytical study using a questionnaire and interview technique. The statistical population of the study is the managers of the Ministry of Interior and the municipalities of the 22 districts of Tehran. the statistical sample includes 30 people and the method is simple random sampling. Data were analyzed by Spss23 software at both descriptive and inferential levels.
To analyze the internal (weakness, strength) and external (threat and opportunity) factors of the city, the SWOT method was used in order to confirm the proposed hypothesis. The results show that according to the existing conditions, the city of Tehran is facing various environmental challenges. According to the chart obtained from internal and external factors, the city of Tehran is in a defensive position. The test results also show that compliance with the standards in strategic urban development plans as a solution to achieve environmental security has a significant impact. In this regard, the most important solutions consist of compliance with environmental standards during the implementation of urban projects, the application of standards in the development of plans and strict monitoring of compliance with them during implementation.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Environmental Security
  • Environmental Standards
  • Urban Development Strategy
  • Tehran City
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