Strategy

Strategy

The Discursive Diplomacy of Iran's 2022 Riots and the World's media: A Case Study of Al Jazeera Network

Document Type : Research Paper

Author
Professor, Communication and Media, College of Islamic Studies, Culture and Communication, Imam Sadiq University, Tehran, Iran
Abstract
Riots, protests, developments and social changes in every country are very important for the political-social structure of the countries. In Iran, the aforementioned developments are also of special importance. In this regard, different countries through their media are trying to reflect the ruling views in a way that on the one hand is considered a form of media and discourse diplomacy and on the other hand is effective in building a discourse. The study of world media is important to discover the methods of discourse formation in relation to the disturbances of 1401 in Iran due to their influence in building national, regional and global mentality in their fields of activity.
Based on the discourse theory and the Practical Discourse Analysis Method (PDAM), the article is trying to discover the discourse and in fact the discourse diplomacy governing Al Jazeera network in Qatar due to its regional and global importance in this field by analyzing the 7 news reports that it published at the beginning of the unrest in Iran.
The research achieved important results, the most important of which are: making the system oppose human rights, globalizing Iran's protests, and creating hope for the success of protests in Iran.
Keywords

Subjects


Abdolrahmani, R.; Mozafari, M. Mahdi & Mohammadi, I. (2018). “Security content analysis of Telegram social network messages”, Rahbord, Year 27, No. 89, Winter, 2018, pp. 125-150. [In Persian]
Ansarifar, J. (2006). “The effective process of psychological operations in Iraq” Rahbord, No. 41, Autumn, 2006, pp. 47-62. [In Persian]
Asgari, M. Hosseini, H. (2021). Explaining the process and introducing the causes of social unrest in Islamic Republic of Iran, Defense Strategy, 19 (2) pp. 145-178. Retrievable from: http://ds.sndu.ac.ir/articla_1473.html [In Persian]
Bashir, H. & Ehsanifar, A. (2022). “Discourse analysis of televised debate in the 10th presidential election of the Islamic Republic of Iran (June 2009)”, Journal of Farhang va Ertebatat, Vol.1, No. 3, Spring, 2022, pp. 7-18. [In Persian]
Bashir, H. & Tafarroji Shirazi, M. GH. (2012). “Media representation and management of the crisis in Bahrain: Discourse analysis of the Arabic language publications of the Persian Gulf countries (from March 7 to June 8, 2011)”, Contemporary Political Essays Journal, Research Institute of Humanities and Cultural Studies, Third Year, No. 2, Autumn and Winter, 2012, pp. 1-25. [In Persian]
Bashir, H. (2006). Discourse Analysis; A Window to Discover the Unsaid, Tehran, Imam Sadiq University, Iran. [In Persian]
Bashir, H. (2011). Foreign Media; A Reading with Discourse Analysis, First Vol., 1st Edition, Tehran: Simaye-Shargh. [In Persian]
Bashir, H. (2012). Foreign Media; A Reading with Discourse Analysis, Second Vol., 1st Edition, Tehran: Simaye-Shargh. [In Persian]
Bashir, H. (2019). “Discourse analysis of allegiance in the letters of Hazrat Ali and Muawiyah based on the harmonious theory of meaning”, The Scientific Quarterly of Nahj al-Balagha Researches, Autumn, 2019, No. 62, pp. 131-166. [In Persian]
Bashir, H. (2021). “The process of making meaning in discourse analysis using the "PDAM" method with a case study of Islamic awakening”, Quarterly Journal of Methodology in Human Sciences, Vol. 27, No. 106, Spring 2021. pp. 31-48. [In Persian]
Entman, R. (1993). Framing: Toward clarification of a fractured paradigm, Journal of Communication, 43(4): 51–58.
Fairclough, N. (2000). Critical Discourse Analysis, Group of Translators, Tehran: Media Studies and Research Center. [In Persian]
Foucault, M. (2012). Michel Foucault's book Beyond Constructivism and Hermeneutics with an afterword by Michel Foucault, written by Hubert L. Dreyfus and Paul Rabino, Translation: Hossain Bashireyyeh, Eighth Edition, Tehran: Ney Publications. [In Persian]
Gamson, W. A., et al. (1992). Media Images and the Social Construction of Reality, Annual Review of Sociology 18: 373-93.
Gharibabadi, K. (2023). “The intelligence services of 20 foreign countries were involved in fomenting the unrest in the fall of 1401.”, News Code: 732377, Date of Release: 5 July 2023,  https://www.entekhab.ir/fa/news/732377 [In Persian]
Gill, D. & Bridget, A. (2005). Alphabet of Communication, First Edition, Tehran: Center for Media Research Studies (Samarang). [In Persian]
Goffman, E. (1974). Frame analysis. Cambridge: Harvard University Press.
Gramsci, A. (1987). On meaning: Selected writings in semiotic theory (Open linguistics series), Publisher: University of Minnesota Press.
Harris, Z. (1952) Discourse Analysis. I Language, 28: 1-30.
Izadi, P. (2016). Iranophobia in the West: Causes, Goals and Motivations, First Publication, Tehran, Research Institute of Culture, Art and Communication. [In Persian]
Kessler, O. (2012). The two faces of Al Jazeera. Middle East Quarterly.
Manouchehri, A. (2008). Approach and Method in Political Science, First Edition, Tehran: Organization for Studying and Compiling Humanities Books of Universities (Samt). [In Persian]
Mehrinajad, A.; Majidi, A. & Saidi, W. (2008). The stress factors of the employees of Payor Special Guards Unit in riot control, Police Management Studies, 3 (1), pp. 27-39-Retrievable from: http://pmsq.jrl.police.ir/artical_92313.html [In Persian]
Mofakhami Shahrestani, H. & Ehteshami, A. (2022). “Security-social analysis of the 1401 fall riots", Scientific Journal of Social Order, 14th year, 4th year, Winter, pp. 1-27. [In Persian]
Powers, S., (2012) From broadcast to networked journalism: The case of Al-Jazeera English. Histories of Public Service Broadcasters on the Web. Peter Lang, New York, 207-221.
Rangbaran, D. (2010). Jang Nerm, Tehran: Sahil Andisheh Publishing House, Tehran. [In Persian]
Shah Bahrami, F. A. (2009). Political Gatherings and Unrest, Tehran: Faraja Deputy Education and Training. [In Persian]
Sharp, J. M. (2003). The Al-Jazeera News Network: Opportunity or Challenge for U.S. Foreign Policy in the Middle East? . Congressional Research Service Reports , July 23,
 
Strömbäck, J. Shehata, A. and Dimitrova, D. (2008). Framing the Mohammad cartoons issue: A cross-cultural comparison of Swedish and US press, Global Media and Communication.
Van Dijk, Teun (2000). Ideology and Discourse: Internet Course for the universitst Oberta de Catalunya.
Yavari Bafghi, A. A. (2011). Designing a model for anticipating social crises in order to prevent them by Naja, PhD dissertation, Allameh Tabatabai University, Faculty of Management and Accounting. [In Persian]
Zabolizade, A. (2014). Framing, News and Media, Tehran, Office of Media Studies and Planning, Iran. [In Persian]

  • Receive Date 24 March 2023
  • Revise Date 15 May 2023
  • Accept Date 21 June 2023