Comparative analysis of approaches of protected area governance and the evolution process of landscape conservation

Document Type : Research Paper

Authors

1 Faculty of governance, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran

2 Faculty of Governance,, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran.

3 the Institute for Research and Development in the Humanities (SAMT)

Abstract

The influence of governance on the protected areas (PAs) sustainability is more than the influence of the IUCN classification type. The weakness of interdisciplinary discussion has hindered the development of research and the improvement of functions in the governance of these regions. Landscape conservation has developed based on competitive worldviews, conflicting discourses, and Inconsistent attitudes about the PAs. It makes reaching to common understanding difficult. The purpose of this research is explaining evolution the PA governance approaches. The method of this research is review and comparative analysis. By reviewing more than 90 new articles, 45 important keywords have been collected and classified with two strategies (one based on worldviews and discourses and the other based on different attitudes about the relationship between PAs and the surounding landscapes). Exploration in reviewed articles shows two main approaches based on the first strategy. The Area-oriented approach (zonning & mapping) and process-oriented approach (participationary & systematic). The result of combining these approaches is participatory mapping. Based on the second strategy, the PA governance has moved from the islandization to the networking, landscape approach, and then the approach of ecological-social landscapes. Ecological-social Landscape seeks multifaceted governance based on the values belonging to places, which transcends the boundaries of traditional management. The PA governance has formed more advanced models with continuous progress and has always tended to cover shortcomings, inadequacies and limitations. The future research priorities are towards the integrated landscape management, empowering managers, supporting sustainable livelihoods, establishing the local communities participation and using their initiatives.

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History

  • Receive Date: 22 September 2023
  • Revise Date: 07 December 2023
  • Accept Date: 09 September 2023

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