نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی
نویسندگان
1 گروه برنامه ریزی شهری و منطقهای/پژوهشکده علوم توسعه/پژوهشگاه علوم انسانی و مطالعات اجتماعی
2 گروه روانشناسی اجتماعی/پژوهشکده علوم توسعه/پژوهشگاه علوم انسانی و مطالعات اجتماعی
3 گروه مدیریت/پژوهشکده علوم توسعه/پژوهشگاه علوم انسانی و مطالعات اجتماعی
چکیده
کلیدواژهها
عنوان مقاله [English]
نویسندگان [English]
Access to a favorable environment is one of the goals of Iran's 1404 Vision Policy. What is meant by a favorable environment and how can the country move towards it? The purpose of this article is to provide a model for monitoring the environment of Iran and 25 countries subject to the document and monitoring their status in three periods: 2006, 2011 and 2016. First, the final model is extracted from the theoretical foundations and background based on the opinion of experts using a focused group interview, questionnaire, Delphi, coefficient of variation and average relative weight in the form of 7 indicators and 17 variables. Then, a composite index was created by using the TOPSIS technique. Finally, the state and performance of the environment of Iran and the countries subject to the document in general and in seven dimensions have been studied. The results show the inappropriate performance and environmental trend of Iran and countries in the region. However, in 2016, Iran was ranked seventh in the region and higher than its regional rivals (except Turkey). On the other hand, the intensity of the decline in the index in Iran was 1.02, higher than the average and the main countries (except Saudi Arabia and Egypt). Iran's performance in four indicators, namely drinking water and sanitation; biodiversity, habitats, forests and pastures; climate and energy; and water resources, were worse than the important countries in the region. in two indicators, namely "Settlements" and "Agriculture", Iran performed better and the air quality indicator didn’t have sufficient data to evaluate. Finally, with reference to critical areas, policy priorities are suggested.
کلیدواژهها [English]
Chiu, R. (2003). Social sustainability, sustainable development and and housing development:The experience of Hong Kong. In R. Forrest, & J. Lee, Housing and Social Change: East–West perspectives (pp. 221-239). London: Routledge.
Collin, P. (2004). DICTIONARY OF ENVIRONMENT & ECOLOGY. Bloomsbury Publishing Plc.
Data.worldbank. (2021, March 19). data. Retrieved from https://data. worldbank.org/ indicator/EN.ATM.CO2E.PC?end=2018&start=2011
Esty, D., Levy, M., Srebotnjak, T., de Sherbinin, A., Kim, C., & Anderson, B. (2006). Pilot 2006 Environmental Performance Index. New Haven: Yale Center for Environmental Law and Policy.
Fao. (2020, March 18). FAOSTAT, Pesticides indicators. Retrieved from http://www.fao.org/faostat/en/#data/EP
Galli, A., Borucke, M., Moore, D., Cranston, G., Gracey, K., Iha, K., . . . Wackernagel, M. (2011). Accounting for demand and supply of the Biosphere’s regenerative capacity: the National Footprint Accounts’ underlying methodology and framework. Oakland: Global Footprint Network.
Global Footprint Network. (2021, August 23). data.footprintnetwork.org. Retrieved from data.footprintnetwork.org: https://data.footprintnetwork. org/#/ country Trends?type=BCpc,EFCpc&cn=102
Global Health Organization. (1400, August 23). Global Health Observatory data repository. Retrieved from apps.who.int/gho/data/view.main. SDGPM25UNREGION6v
Hsu, A. (2016). 2016 Environmental Performance Index. New Haven: Yale University.
Hsu, A. (2016) ENVIRONMENTAL PERFORMANCE INDEX. New Haven: CT: Yale University. Available: www.epi.yale.edu
Jacobs, M. (2012). Green Growth: Economic Theory and Political Discourse. Grantham Research Institute on Climate Change and the Environment.
Kuhlman, T., & Farrington, J. (2010). What is Sustainability? Sustainability, 3437.
OECD. (2021, August 23). OECD.STAT. Retrieved from ENVIRONMENT: https://stats.oecd.org/index.aspx?DataSetCode=water_treat
Stratasadvisors. (2021, March 19). insights. Retrieved from Diesel-Sulfur-Limits: stratasadvisors.com/Insights/030917-Diesel-Sulfur-Limits
United Nations. (2021, August 23). Environment Statistics. Retrieved from UNSD Environmental Indicators: unstats. un. org/ unsd/ envstats/ qindicators. cshtml#indicator
United Nations, D. (1400, June 8). Sustainable Development Goals. Retrieved from Sustainable Development Goals: https://unstats.un.org/sdgs/ indicators/database
Washdata. (2021, August 23). Retrieved from JMP/Tables/Households: washdata.org/data/household#!/table?geo0=country&geo1=IRN
WCED. (1987). Our Common Future. Oxford University Press.
Wendling, Z. A. (2020). 2020 Environmental Performance. New Haven: Yale Center for Environmental.
YCELP, Y. (2005). The 2005 Environmental Sustainability Index Report. www.yale.edu/esi.
Yongfu, H., & Quibria, M. (2013). "Green Growth: Theory and Evidence. World Institute for Development Economic Research (UNU-WIDER).